![]() Genome sequencing was carried out on samples from five different lesions from the same patient: CVR_MPXV1a, CVR_MPXV1b, CVR_MPXV1c, CVR_MPXV1d and CVR_MPXV1e. Ethical approval was given by the South Central–Oxford C Research Ethics Committee in England (13/SC/0149), the Scotland A Research Ethics Committee (20/SS/0028), and the WHO Ethics Review Committee (RPC571 and RPC572). The patient was recruited to the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (CCP-UK) study. ![]() Here we report five MPXV genome sequences from an infected person presenting with rash and fever in May 2022, and reporting a single exposure event following recent travel to Germany. The majority of reported 2022 cases have been male and many (although not all) affected people self identify as gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men (GBMSM). Phylogenetic analysis has linked these to sequences sampled in 2018/19 and the recent finding of another lineage in the US that is deeper in the tree (sharing a most recent common ancestor with sequences sampled in 2017) is consistent with monkeypox being present in humans for the last five years (see Update to observations about putative APOBEC3 deaminase editing in the light of new genomes from USA). Since May 2022, 780 cases have been reported to WHO by 27 member states ( Multi-country monkeypox outbreak: situation update). Symptoms include a rash which appears 1-5 days following the first symptoms (fever, swollen glands, headache, muscle ache and shivering), and can spread to other parts of the body, including the genitals.įrom 2018-2021, seven cases of monkeypox were detected in the UK ( Monkeypox outbreak: technical briefings - GOV.UK). Recent estimates of the case fatality rate range between 3-6% but this can be higher in younger children and immunocompromised individuals. Monkeypox is a self-limited disease with a duration of 2-4 weeks, and symptom onset between 5-21 days after exposure. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is endemic in wildlife in Central and Western Africa, resulting in frequent zoonotic transmissions to humans in this part of the world. Ana da Silva Filipe 1, Lily Tong 1*, Vattipally B Sreenu 1*, Alasdair Maclean 2, Rory Gunson 2, Matthew TG Holden 3,4, David Barr 5, Antonia Ho 1, Massimo Palmarini 1, Andrew Rambaut 6, David L Robertson 1, Emma C Thomson 1ġMRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK 2West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK 3Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK 4School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK 5Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK 6Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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